- 1922 - In Egypt, Howard Carter discovered the entry of the lost tomb of Pharaoh Tutankhamen.
- 1942 - During World War II, Axis forces retreated from El Alamein in North Africa. It was a major victory for the British.
- 1952 - In the United States, the National Security Agency (NSA) was established.
- 1956 - Soviet forces enter Hungary in order to suppress the uprising that had begun on October 23, 1956.
- 1979 - Iranian militants seized the U.S. embassy in Tehran and took 63 Americans hostage (90 total hostages). The militants, mostly students, demanded that the U.S. send the former shah back to Iran to stand trial. Many hostages were later released, but 52 were held for the next 14 months.
- 1989 - About a million East Germans filled the streets of East Berlin in a pro-democracy rally.
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