Maximilien Robespierre 1758 - French revolutionary
- 1527 - German troops began sacking Rome, bringing about the end of the Renaissance.
- 1851 - The mechanical refrigerator was patented by Dr. John Gorrie.
- 1889 - The Universal Exposition opened in Paris, France, marking the dedication of the Eiffel Tower. Also at the exposition was the first automobile in Paris, the Mercedes-Benz.
- 1937 - The German airship Hindenburg crashed and burned in Lakehurst, NJ. Thirty-six people (of the 97 on board) were killed.
- 1941 - Joseph Stalin assumed the Soviet premiership.
- 1942 - During World War II, the Japanese seized control of the Philippines. About 15,000 Americans and Filipinos on Corregidor surrendered to the Japanese.
- 1960 - U.S. President Eisenhower signed the Civil Rights Act of 1960.
- 1994 - The Channel Tunnel officially opened. The tunnel under the English Channel links England and France.
- 1994 - Former Arkansas state worker Paula Jones filed suit against U.S. President Clinton. The case alleged that he had sexually harassed her in 1991.
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