William Gladstone 1809
- 1170 - St. Thomas Becket, the 40th archbishop of Canterbury, was murdered in his own cathedral by four knights acting on Henry II's orders.
- 1812 - The USS Constitution won a battle with the British ship HMS Java about 30 miles off the coast of Brazil. Before Commodore William Bainbridge ordered the sinking of the Java he had her wheel removed to replace the one the Constitution had lost during the battle.
- 1813 - The British burned Buffalo, NY, during the War of 1812.
- 1911 - Sun Yat-sen became the first president of a republican China.
- 1940 - During World War II, Germany began dropping incendiary bombs on London.
- 1952 - The first transistorized hearing aid was offered for sale by Sonotone Corporation.
- 1997 - Hong Kong began killing 1.25 million chickens, the entire population, for fear of the spread of 'bird flu.'
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