Ernest Hemingway 1899 - Author, journalist
- 1861 - The first major battle of the U.S. Civil War began. It was the Battle of Bull Run at Manassas Junction, VA. The Confederates won the battle.
- 1925 - The "Monkey Trial" ended in Dayton, TN. John T. Scopes was convicted and fined $100 for violating the state prohibition on teaching Darwin's theory of evolution.
- 1940 - Lithuania, Estonia, and Latvia were annexed by the Soviet Union.
- 1944 - American forces landed on Guam during World War II.
- 1949 - The U.S. Senate ratified the North Atlantic Treaty. NATO
- 1980 - Draft registration began in the United States for 19 and 20-year-old men.
- 2004 - White House officials were briefed on the September 11 commission's final report. The 575-page report concluded that hijackers exploited "deep institutional failings within our government." The report was released to the public the next day.
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