Successful Political Speech Measures at a 4th-Grade Level

Successful Political Speech Measures at a 4th-Grade Level | Intellectual Takeout:
For those curious to know what type of books American school children are reading, look no farther than Renaissance Learning’s 2016 report What Kids are Reading.

Compiled from reading data from 9.8 million students, the report lists the top 25 most read books for each grade along with their reading level.
While some tried and true classics are in the mix, it’s not all that surprising to find Diary of a Wimpy Kid and The Hunger Games topping the charts.
More surprising, however, is the reading level at which most of the popular books register. 
On average, children in grades 6-11 fail to read material above a fifth-grade level. 
Twelfth graders do a hair better with an average reading level of mid-6th grade.

Such news is interesting, particularly in light of the current presidential race. 
Last fall, the Boston Globe measured the readability level of candidates’ political speeches. 
Donald Trump came in with the lowest score, with a readability level that a 4th-grader could understand. As the Globe pointed out:
“The utterances of today’s candidates reflect a continued decline in the complexity of political speech. President George Washington’s ‘Farewell Address’ in 1796 was written at graduate-degree levels: Grade 17.9 , while President Abraham Lincoln’s ‘Gettysburg Address’ in 1863 was at an 11th-grade level.”

In all likelihood, the complexity – or rather, simplicity – of modern political speech is keeping pace with the low reading levels maintained in today’s classrooms.
The American Republic established by the Founders required an educated citizenry in order to maintain it. 
Judging from the apparently low reading and comprehension levels which seem to be the norm, does it seem that both good education and the Republic are at risk of becoming extinct?

2016’s Best and Worst States to Retire

2016’s Best and Worst States to Retire | WalletHub®:
"...But in addition to when you want to retire, you might want to ask yourself where.
That can be an awfully difficult question to answer if you haven’t adequately planned — or been able to plan — for the rest of your life.
Even in the most affordable areas of the U.S., retirees often cannot rely on their Social Security or pension checks alone to cover all of their living expenses.
Social Security benefits increase progressively with local inflation, but they replace only about 40 percent of the amount you earned if you were an average worker, according to the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities.
If retirement is still a big question mark for you because of finances, we recommend you consider relocating to a retirement-friendly state — one that will let you keep more money in your pocket without drastically modifying your lifestyle. 
WalletHub’s analysts compared the 50 states and the District of Columbia across 24 key metrics to help you find that permanent, and affordable, place to call home when you’re ready to leave the workforce.
Of course, affordability shouldn’t be your only priority in retirement, which is why our analysis also explores health-related factors and overall quality of life. 
Scroll down for the results, additional expert commentary and a detailed methodology.

The Flint Water Crisis Is the Result of a Stimulus Project Gone Wrong

The Flint Water Crisis Is the Result of a Stimulus Project Gone Wrong - Hit & Run : Reason.com
Liberals are wrongly blaming Flint's lead poisoning crisis on austerity measures imposed on the city by a fiscally conservative Republican Governor Rick Snyder, as I wrote last week. (Snyder had appointed an emergency manager in 2011 to help the city balance its books and avoid bankruptcy.) 
However, I didn't quite realize just how wrong they were. 
As it turns out, the debacle is the result of Snyder's efforts to stimulate the local economy—the exact opposite of the liberal line.

The whole mess occurred because Flint decided against renewing its 30-year contract with the Detroit Water and Sewage Department (DWSD) and switched instead to Karengondi Water Authority (KWA).
KWA was planning to build its own hugely expensive pipeline, parallel to DWSD's, to harness water from Lake Huron and service the Genesee County area where Flint is located. 
This left the city in the lurch for a few years when its contract with DWSD ended but the new facility had not yet gone online, prompting it to reopen a local mothballed facility that relied on the toxic Flint River as its source (more on the rank stupidity of this decision later).
The rationale for the original decision to switch Flint's water providers was that, in the long run, KWA would generate substantial savings for the cash-strapped city. 
Not only was this false but Snyder had very good reasons at that time to believe that this was false.
This IS interesting. 
Read on!

State Dept. asking for 1-month extension on releasing Clinton emails, citing this? - Liberty Unyielding

State Dept. asking for 1-month extension on releasing Clinton emails, citing this? - Liberty Unyielding:
"Possibly in light of this, State Department spokesman Mark Toner offered another explanation for why the agency cannot not meet its court-mandated goal of Jan. 29, namely some 9,400 of the 55,000 remaining pages “contain a large amount of material that required interagency review.” And if you don’t accept that, there is always the “dog ate my homework” excuse waiting in the wings."

JFK allowed passengers to exit without going through Customs

JFK allowed passengers to exit without going through Customs - NY Daily News:
Passengers arriving at Kennedy Airport on an international flight were allowed to exit the busy hub without going through Customs — for at least the second time in recent months, the Daily News has learned.
Bumbling airline and security officials let travelers on American Airlines Flight 1223 from Cancun, Mexico, out of the airport on Monday morning without having their passports or bags checked, sources told The News.
The security lapse mirrored a similar incide
...The oversight sparked fears that terrorists could easily slip into the country without having to pass through any checkpoints.
“New York remains the number one target for terrorists and it just made me think of Paris and how easy it would be for them to get in,” he said. “It’s incompetence like this that could lead to another attack.”
A nearly identical incident involving another American Airlines flight from Cancun unfolded in November, just two days after ISIS released a video threatening New York City with a terrorist attack, The News reported.
American Airlines admitted to the latest security snafu in a statement, but declined to say what they were doing about it...”

History for January 26

History for January 26 - On-This-Day.com:
Douglas MacArthur 1880, William Hopper 1915, Paul Newman 1925 


Eddie Van Halen 1955 - Guitar player (Van Halen), Ellen DeGeneres 1958 - Actress-comedian. Television series: Ellen. She is famous for "coming out" on the television show Ellen, judge on "American Idol", Wayne Gretzky 1961 - Hockey hall-of-famer. He is known as "The Great One". He won four Stanley Cups. 


1784 - In a letter to his daughter, Benjamin Franklin expressed unhappiness over the eagle as the symbol of America. He wanted the symbol to be the turkey. 


1837 - Michigan became the 26th state to join the United States. 


1875 - George F. Green patented the electric dental drill for sawing, filing, dressing and polishing teeth. 


1911 - Inventor Glenn H. Curtiss flew the first successful seaplane. 


1950 - India officially proclaimed itself a republic as Rajendra Prasad took the oath of office as president. 


1996 - U.S. First Lady Hillary Rodham Clinton testified before a grand jury concerning the Whitewater probe. 


1998 - U.S. President Clinton denied having an affair with a former White House intern, saying "I did not have sexual relations with that woman, Miss Lewinsky." 


2009 - The Icelandic government and banking system collapsed. Prime Minister Geir Haarde resigned.

IT'S ABOUT TIME: Judge Blasts Corrupt Baltimore D.A. On Freddie Gray Case

IT'S ABOUT TIME: Judge Blasts Corrupt Baltimore D.A. On Freddie Gray Case:

"A judge in the case of the police officers who arrested Freddie Gray in Baltimore has ruled that another police officer would not be compelled to testify against his fellow officers in the upcoming trial, Reuters reported.

Baltimore City Circuit Court Judge Barry Williams ruled Wednesday that an attempt by the prosecution to compel Officer William Porter to testify in the trial of other officers was a “stall tactic” being used by the prosecution to draw out the case."

Clinton corruption is endless-----Clinton Foundation didn't disclose up to $26M in fees

Clinton Foundation didn't disclose up to $26M in fees - CNNPolitics.com:
"Washington (CNN)The Clinton Foundation confirmed Thursday that it received as much as $26.4 million in previously unreported payments from foreign governments and corporations for speeches given by the Clintons.
It's the latest in a string of admissions from the foundation that it didn't always abide by a 2008 ethics agreement to disclose its funding sources publicly. 
...Former President Clinton was the biggest earner for speeches, giving three that brought in anywhere from $500,000 to $1 million.
Both he and his wife gave a smattering of speeches to foreign companies and other organizations for anywhere from $250,000 to $500,000.
...According to foundation officials, the income -- at least $12 million and as much as more than twice that -- was not disclosed publicly because it was considered and tallied for tax purposes as revenue, rather than donations.
In April, the head of a Canadian charity that donates to the foundation acknowledged that it didn't disclose any of the 1,100 largely foreign donors that ultimately contributed $2.35 million to the broader organization through the Canadian group.
That month, foundation acting CEO Maura Pally acknowledged "mistakes" in the organization's tax filings, which she said "mistakenly combined" government grants with other donations.
The foundation has now provided a listing of the speeches and a range for the amount each earned on its website, and says it will continue posting updates quarterly, beginning in July..."

Bill allows suits over gun-free zone incidents

Bill allows suits over gun-free zone incidents:

If a Tennessee grocery store bans guns on its property and a black bear or wild hog kills or injures a person who otherwise would be carrying his or her gun, the gun owner would be allowed to sue the property owner if a newly introduced bill became law.

Sponsored by Sen. Dolores Gresham, R-Somerville,Senate Bill 1736 has a very specific purpose.

“It is the intent of this section to balance the right of a handgun carry permit holder to carry a firearm in order to exercise the right of self-defense and the ability of a property owner or entity in charge of the property to exercise control over governmental or private property,” the bill states.

To accomplish that goal, the legislation allows any Tennessean with a valid gun permit to sue a property owner in the event of injury or death provided the incident occurred while in a gun-free zone.

The legislation places responsibility on the business or property owner of the gun-free area to protect the gun owner from any incidents that occur with any “invitees,” trespassers and employees found on the property, as well as vicious and wild animals and “defensible man-made and natural hazards.”

The bill does not define defensible man-made and natural hazards.

A handgun carry permit holder who is injured by any of the aforementioned would be able to file a lawsuit within two years of when the event occurred, provided they meet the following requirements:

• the plaintiff had to be authorized to carry a gun at the time of the incident
• the plaintiff was prohibited from carrying a firearm because of the gun-free sign
• the property owner was not required to be posted by state or federal law but was posted by choice of the defendant

According to the language of the bill, the right to sue the property owner does not extend to individuals without gun permits.

Syrian Migrants Who Attacked Woman Tell Police They're Above The Law ⋆ US Herald

Syrian Migrants Who Attacked Woman Tell Police They're Above The Law ⋆ US Herald:

"It seems almost unconscionable that within a civil society our collective governments have allowed a perverse criminal element to seep within our culture, for nothing more than political expediency.

History will note that this was the moment that western civilization was once again challenged my Muslim hordes reminiscent of the 7th-10th centuries, and to what extent we finally took to drive them back, if indeed we did."

Flint lead crisis getting a tad overdone

Flint lead crisis getting a tad overdone: David Mastio
Before hitting the panic button, remember we are winning the war on lead poisoning
Now that the leaching of poisonous lead into the tap water of Flint, Mich., has been declared a national emergency, it might be time to dial back the panic just a notch (or two).
Flint's 8,000 children have not had their lives destroyed. 
Jesse Jackson can roll up his crime tape.
Michael Moore can go back to promoting his latest film.
Taken as a whole,  in fact, Flint's kids are better off than the previous generations of Michigander kids in at least one important way. 
Even after Flint’s disaster, the city’s children have far less lead in their blood than their parents or grandparents did at the same age.
That's of little comfort, of course, to those exposed to higher levels than they should have been because of a nearly bankrupt local government, a scientifically incompetent city water utility, indifferent Michigan environmental regulators and a bumbling federal Environmental Protection Agency.
And any lead has a long-term insidious health impact, even after it has left the blood.
But amid the furor, it's important to take a deep breath and put the exposure levels in context.
Less lead than 10 years ago
In 2005, Michigan completed the years-long process of collecting 500,000 lead blood tests from children in the state under 6. 
Back then, 26% of kids tested — that's more than one in four — had blood lead levels (5 micrograms per deciliter or greater) that would cause concern today. 
In the hardest hit parts of Flint now, only 10.6% of kids have such concerning levels of lead in their blood.
How can that be?
While drinking water management in Flint has obviously been a mess in recent years, it's a mess that comes amid one of the greatest public health and environmental triumphs in U.S. history.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention data are clear.
In the late 1970s, 88% of Americans ages 1 to 5 had at least 10 micrograms per deciliter of lead in their blood, or twice as much as today's level of concern.
By the early 1990s, only 4.4% of children were exposed to so much lead.
And year by year since then, according to more than 31 million blood tests compiled by the CDC just since 2005, lead has been steadily disappearing from American kids’ blood.
Is that good enough?
No..."
Read it all!

Thanks Jeb and Nikki: Marines Reject Southern Teen because of Confederate Battle Flag Tattoo

Thanks Jeb and Nikki: Marines Reject Southern Teen because of Confederate Battle Flag Tattoo - Breitbart:
An eighteen-year-old man is the latest victim in the coast-to-coast carpet-bombing war of political correctness.
On Monday, a Marine Corp recruiter rejected Anthony Bauswell for wearing a Confederate Flag tattoo.
The recruiter in Conway, Arkansas determined the tattoo was racist and therefore against Marine regulations on tattoos.
Bauswell told a local TV station, “[The recruiter] says DQ, just automatically DQ.”
According to the Marine Corp Recruiting Command recruits cannot have any tattoos that are deemed “prejudicial to good order, discipline or morale” and that includes tattoos that are  “sexist (express nudity), racist, eccentric or offensive…”
The Marine Corp allows tattoos though the size and placement are regulated.
Full sleeve tattoos, for instance, are banned, as are tattoos of drug paraphernalia.
Bausell said he included the words “Southern Pride” on the flag to make sure no one thought the flag was a symbol of racial hatred. 
But, that was not enough for the recuiter whose race has not been revealed..."

Lunch video-----Roy's 'Jay-Walking' on Capitol Mall reveals real immigration tradition

America has a tradition of immigration. Author Roy Beck stops by Capitol Hill to get the reaction of people after they learn how America's great tradition compares with immigration today.

Noon-toon

The Former Secretary Of Defense Just Dropped A Hillary STUNNER: 'Odds Are Pretty High...'

The Former Secretary Of Defense Just Dropped A Hillary STUNNER: 'Odds Are Pretty High...':

"She’s no doubt feeling the burn from a number of different directions. And now Hillary Clinton’s ears might just be burning after what a former top official in the Obama administration just said — an ex-defense chief who should know what’s he’s talking about on such matters.

As Hillary continues to find herself under heavy political fire — as well as the subject of an ongoing FBI investigation for her exclusive use of a personal email server during her tenure as secretary of state — a stunning disclosure by former Pentagon chief Robert Gates is likely to turn up the heat even higher on the Democrat presidential hopeful."

Read this. Make some noise in defense of our troops!!!-----US military deaths in Afghanistan skyrocket under Obama

US military deaths in Afghanistan skyrocket under Obama
"As a former combat commander, I can tell you that fear is difficult to avoid on the battlefield. 
But on today’s battlefields, a new fear haunts our troops: the fear of persecution by their own government. 
That fear leads to internal hesitation. 
And that leads to death.

Billy and Karen Vaughn, parents who know the pain of having their warrior son betrayed write on Breitbart.com:

“U.S. soldiers in Afghanistan are now forced to fight a two-fronted war. Before each deployment, these soldiers understand fully that day after day they will do battle against relentless terrorists with shifting loyalties and unspeakable hatred. But what none of them could have foreseen was the killing field that would open from their rear: the Continental United States.

“Our government’s incessant tightening of already restrictive ROE (Rules of Engagement), compounded by the failed COIN (Counterinsurgency) strategy—also known as “winning hearts and minds”—has made an otherwise primitive enemy formidable.”

The chart below shows the awful truth about US military deaths in Afghanistan. Click on it to enlarge.

In the first seven-plus years of war in Afghanistan (October 2001 – December 2008) we lost 630 U.S. soldiers. In early 2009, the Obama administration authorized the implementation of the COIN (Counter-Insurgent) strategy, more focused on “winning hearts and minds” than winning a war, and over the next five years, the U.S. death toll nearly tripled.

Seventy-three percent of all U.S. deaths in Afghanistan have taken place since 2009. In the first seven plus years of war in Afghanistan, 2,638 U.S. soldiers were wounded in action. In the next forty-five months (2009 – 2012) an additional 15,036 suffered the same fate.

Recently, Afghanistan President Hamid Karzai decided to release Islamic terrorists with blood on their hands, that of our American troops as well as Afghan civilians. Imagine being a young warrior in Afghanistan at this time and having to ask “why am I here?” Many Americans are now aware of the story behind Lone Survivor and realize that when faced with life or death decisions it seems our warriors fear lawyers and the media more than the enemy. They face a non-state, non-uniformed enemy that blends in with the civilian population and knows our ROE (Rules of Engagement).

Our battle-tested men and women we send into harm’s way are confronted by the enemy and must make instantaneous combat decisions. Some, like Army 1LT Clint Lorance, find themselves afterwards sitting in a prison cell in Ft. Leavenworth.

Yet, while much evidence demonstrated links to Islamic totalitarianism and terrorism with former Army officer Nidal Hasan, and some were told to keep silent because of “political correctness.” That silence led to 13 dead and some 30 wounded in Ft. Hood Texas — shot by a man in American uniform shouting “Allahu Akhbar.” And what did our leaders say to our warriors gunned down by a jihadist on a military installation in America? It was “workplace violence.”

In the last presidential election, for the first time in nearly 77 years, the sitting president, vice president and candidates for office had no military service. I’m not suggesting that the president of the United States must have served in the military — but the most important duty of the president is Commander-in-Chief. Our country needs a leader who can understand the sacrifices and commitment of those brave men and women who stand on freedom’s rampart, because he or she has been there.

As the Vaughn’s write, “Our best and brightest come home in body bags as politicians and lawyers dine over white linen tablecloths; writing, modifying, and re-modifying these lethal rules. Rules that favor the enemy rather than the American soldier. Rules so absurd they’re difficult to believe until you hear the same stories over and again from those returning from battle.”

When the parents begin to feel this way, will America stop being the Land of the Free because parents will no longer sacrifice the brave?

We must make a stand for those who make the stand for us.

Bernie Sanders Calls For Totalitarian Gun Confiscation

Bernie Sanders Calls For Totalitarian Gun Confiscation
"Sanders will ban guns that are "primarily designed to kill people."
Senator Bernie Sanders of Vermont (a pro-gun state, for the record) said on an episode of NBC’s “Meet The Press” that “we need to make sure that certain types of guns used to kill people, exclusively, not for hunting, they should not be sold in the United States of America.”
“Coming from a rural state, I think I can communicate with folks coming from urban states where guns mean different things than they do in Vermont where it’s used for hunting,” he said.
Calling for a ban on all firearms “used to kill people” and “not for hunting” implies a ban on all guns, period.

More recently, Sanders appeared on the same show on 1/17 and touted his vote to “ban assault weapons” in 1988.
 He claimed to have rethought certain aspects of that legislation but never rescinded his viewpoint on banning firearms.
The Vermont senator, like other anti-gun activists, failed to mention that Americans purchased 170 million new guns since 1991 and the crime rate has since dropped 51%.
He also never mentioned that “gun control” failed in cities like Chicago where someone is murdered every three hours.
Liberals haven’t been happy with Sanders’ pro-gun voting record, the Democratic presidential candidate’s shift to the far-left on this issue is likely an attempt to placate to anti-gunners as the 2016 election quickly approaches.

LIARS!!!-----State tries to delay Clinton email release, blaming snowstorm

State tries to delay Clinton email release, blaming snowstorm | TheHill:
The State Department on Friday sought to delay its final release of emails from Hillary Clinton’s personal server, blaming a massive snowstorm hitting Washington as well as an internal “oversight.”
In a court filing, the department asked a federal court to delay by a month the Jan. 29 deadline for it to release the last batch of roughly 55,000 pages of Clinton’s emails believed to be work-related.
The emails, thousands of which have been released on a monthly basis since last year, have become a constant headache for Clinton’s front-runner Democratic presidential campaign.
More than 1,300 of the emails from the former secretary of State's private email account and server have been classified — some at a level higher than top secret.
Roughly 82 percent of Clinton’s emails have been released, the State Department says.
However, last week the State Department realized that more than 7,200 pages of Clinton’s emails had not yet been sent to other agencies, which are required to review them for potential redactions before they can be made public.
“State overlooked some necessary consultations at a time when the Clinton email team’s efforts were focused on processing records that had already gone through interagency consultation in order to meet the monthly interim goals,” the department said in Friday’s court filing.
“Thus, this oversight was not detected until the push to meet the final deadline.”
The effort to send those pages to other agencies was “interrupted” by the massive snowstorm expected to blanket Washington this weekend, it added.
“[T]his storm will disrupt the Clinton email team’s current plans to work a significant number of hours throughout the upcoming weekend and could affect the number of documents that can be produced on January 29, 2016," the Obama administration said..."

Germany’s Merkel Admits Some Refugees Are From ‘Countries Where Hatred of Israel and Jews Is Widespread’ | TheBlaze.com

Germany’s Merkel Admits Some Refugees Are From ‘Countries Where Hatred of Israel and Jews Is Widespread’ | TheBlaze.com:

"After allowing more than one million migrants to enter Germany last year, Chancellor Angela Merkel now warns that some asylum seekers have come from countries “where hatred of Israel and anti-Semitism is widespread.”

Five Ways We Know Al Gore’s Been Running A Global Warming Racket

Five Ways We Know Al Gore’s Been Running A Global Warming Racket | Stock News & Stock Market Analysis - IBD
Fraud: Ten years ago Monday, Al Gore said we had only a decade left to save the planet from global warming.
But Earth has been doing just fine.
Why do we listen to this man?
While preening at the Sundance Film Festival in January 2006 during the premiere of his “An Inconvenient Truth” fib-umentary, Gore made his grand declaration.
The former vice president said, in the words of the AP reporter taking down his story, that “unless drastic measures to reduce greenhouse gases are taken within the next 10 years, the world will reach a point of no return.”
In Gore’s own words, he claimed we were in “a true planetary emergency.”
Ten years later, he’s probably hoping that everyone has forgotten about his categorical statement.
The terrible truth for Gore is that there is no planetary emergency.
Not one of the dire predictions he and the rest of the alarmist community made has come to pass. 
In fact, there is plenty of evidence that they have been running a racket. 


Here’s how we know:

• One, Earth hasn’t warmed in nearly 20 years. Yes, 2015 supposedly “smashed” the previous temperature record. But actually it was the third-warmest year on record — or maybe “not even close to the hottest year on record,” says James Taylor of the Heartland Institute.

The global average temperature, a devilish thing to determine anyway, depends on what temperature readings are being used and who is “adjusting” the data to fit their political purposes. The scientific community cannot be trusted to provide honest numbers. And 2015 was, after all, an El Nino year. Higher temperatures, with no link to man’s activities, were expected.

• Two, predictions that climate change — the rebranding of “global warming” when it turned out that predicted warming wasn’t happening — would cause catastrophic weather damage haven’t panned out.

German insurance giant Munich Re says losses from natural disasters were lower in 2015 than in 2014 and lowest since 2009. The facts are sharply at odds with Gore’s 2012 claim that “dirty weather” caused by “dirty fossil fuel” has created “extreme weather” that “is happening all over the world with increasing frequency.”

• Three, despite all the self-congratulatory international conferences and pseudo-agreements, the world has done nothing to “fight global warming.”

He cannot claim that his deadline has been extended because some governments have forced their citizens to cut carbon dioxide emissions. CO2 levels keep climbing and now exceed 401 parts per million in the atmosphere. It is simply not the dangerous greenhouse gas we’ve repeatedly been told it is.

• Four, in the mid- to late-2000s, Gore repeatedly predicted that an ice-free Arctic Ocean was coming soon. But as usual, his fortune-telling was wrong. By 2014, Arctic ice had grown thicker and covered a greater area than it did when he made his prediction.

• Five, Gore’s movie, which somehow won an Oscar, was found by a British judge to contain nine errors. The judge said it could not be shown to students unless it included a notice pointing out the errors.

Gore will never apologize for peddling deceit, never admit he was wrong. 
Best thing to do is ignore him."

History for January 25

History for January 25 - On-This-Day.com:
Robert Boyle 1627, Robert Burns 1759, W. Somerset Maugham 1874 


Leigh Taylor-Young 1944, Christine Lakin 1979 - Actress, Alicia Keys 1981 - Singer 


1579 - The Treaty of Utrecht was signed marking the beginning of the Dutch Republic. 


1858 - Mendelssohn’s "Wedding March" was presented for the first time at the wedding of the daughter of Queen Victoria and the Crown Prince of Prussia. 


1924 - The 1st Winter Olympic Games were inaugurated in Chamonix in the French Alps. 


1950 - A federal jury in New York City found former State Department official Alger Hiss guilty of perjury. 


1971 - Maj. Gen. Idi Amin led a coup that deposed Milton Obote and became president of Uganda. 


1998 - The Denver Broncos beat the Green Bay Packers 31-24 in Super Bowl XXXII. The Broncos had lost 3 previous Super Bowl appearances with quarterback John Elway. 


1999 - In Louisville, KY, man received the first hand transplant in the United States. 


2011 - A revolution began in Egypt with the demonstrations that demanded the end of President Hosni Mubarak's rule.