Obama Enacts “Permanent” Ban on Arctic Oil Drilling

Obama Enacts “Permanent” Ban on Arctic Oil Drilling | Watts Up With That?
"...Guest essay by Eric Worrall

Obama Places Sweeping Ban on Offshore Drilling in Atlantic and Arctic Waters

by AMANDA SAKUMA

In the final stretch of his term President Barack Obama is implementing new environmental protections that stand to thwart Donald Trump’s agenda on oil and gas extraction in ways that may prove difficult for the president-elect to roll back.

The Obama administration announced on Tuesday that it will place an indefinite ban on offshore oil and gas drilling across large swaths of Atlantic and Arctic waters. The actions come in conjunction with news that Canada will implement a sweeping ban of its own, launching a set of actions to be reviewed every five years.

“President Obama and Prime Minister Trudeau are proud to launch actions ensuring a strong, sustainable and viable Arctic economy and ecosystem, with low-impact shipping, science based management of marine resources, and free from the future risks of offshore oil and gas activity,” the White House said in a joint statement with the Canadian leader.

…The latest action hinges on a provision of the 1953 the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act, a law designed to protect coral reefs and marine sanctuaries. The seldom used measure allows the executive to permanently freeze offshore drilling in specified regions. Senior Obama administration officials stress that there is no provision in the law providing the president authority draw those actions back.

Environmental groups hailed the announcement as a major victory and symbolic milestone in ending offshore drilling in a region where it is exceedingly difficult to prevent and respond to potential oil spills.

“We are confident that this is an announcement that will stick. We have both the law and public opinion on our side,” Sierra Club executive director Michael Brune said.

There is currently no precedent for a president to hit rewind on bans against offshore drilling in the name of environmental protections. And because the actions are not up for review for another five years, advocacy groups say they are optimistic Trump will not be able to reverse the tide.

…

Read more: http://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/obama-places-sweeping-ban-offshore-drilling-n698461

...Ordinary people will suffer because of Obama’s spiteful attempt to thwart the will of the American people."

The truth about campus 'diversity' efforts - they're actually racist

The truth about campus 'diversity' efforts - they're actually racist - The College Fix
"Few feel-good terms top the hierarchy of campus mumbo jumbo than “diversity.” We must have diversity. 
Our goal is diversity. 
There is no greater good than diversity. 
But what is diversity?

Here’s a succinct definition from economics Professor Thomas Sowell: it’s group quotas. Writing in National Review, he points out the subversive nature of this feel-good term, noting diversity benefits racial quotas, enforces bias and creates inequity:

In the early 20th century, the principle of geographic diversity was used to conceal bias against Jews in the admission of students to Harvard and other leading academic institutions.

Fast-forward to today. It is common, at colleges and universities across the country, for the test scores of Asian-American students who have been admitted to a given college to be higher than the test scores of whites or of blacks or of Hispanics. … In short, something very much like the quota limits that were applied to Jews in the past are now being applied to Asian Americans — and, once again, are being justified by diversity.

But what justifies diversity? Nothing but unsupported assertions, repeated endlessly, piously, and loudly. Today, as in the past, diversity is essentially a fancy word for group quotas. It is one of a number of wholly subjective criteria — such as “leadership” — used to admit students to colleges and universities according to their group membership, rather than according to their individual qualifications.

Read the full piece.

Faithless electors less faithful to Clinton than Trump | Washington Examiner

Faithless electors less faithful to Clinton than Trump | Washington Examiner:

"Electoral College voters who were faithless on Monday were more upset with Hillary Clinton's candidacy than that of President-elect Trump.

For all of the hype about electors switching their vote from Trump to anyone but Trump, the majority of those electors who cast protest votes were supposed to vote for Hillary Clinton."

California retailers report run on guns before restrictions arrive

California retailers report run on guns before restrictions arrive - SFGate:
"...Gov. Jerry Brown’s approval of wide-ranging gun control legislation in July has led to a run on firearms in California, with some stores reporting sales have doubled since then.
Starting Jan. 1, the general public in California can no longer buy semiautomatic rifles equipped with bullet-buttons that allow for the quick removal and replacement of ammunition magazines.
Guns purchased before Jan. 1 can be kept as long as the owners register them with the state as assault weapons.
As a result, sales of the long guns have at least doubled at many California gun stores, owners report..."

Sugar Wars: Junk Food, Junk Science, or Both?

Sugar Wars: Junk Food, Junk Science, or Both? - Hit & Run : Reason.com:
"Is eating too much sugar bad for you? 
And what's too much? 
As it happens average American per capita consumption of caloric sweeteners like refined cane sugar and high-fructose corn syrup is down from 111 grams per day in 1999 to 94 grams per day today. 
However, 94 grams per day adds up to over 75 pounds of sugar per year per person. 
Nearly 80 percent of the sugar we consume is found in candy, snack foods, and sweetened beverages, and is not inherent in the fruits and vegetables we also eat. 
A year ago, the government recommended that Americans get no more than 10 percent of their daily calories from added sugars. 
In 2,000 calorie per day standard diet, that would mean eating fewer than 200 calories in the form of sugar. 
Current consumption of 94 grams of sugar translates to 358 calories per day. 
(The U.S. Department of Agriculture has a different calculation in which per person annual consumption of caloric sweeteners peaked at 153.1 pounds in 1999 and fell to only 131.1 pounds in 2014.)

...In fact, as Americans consumed more calories, including more calories from added sugars, per capita the rates of obesity and Type 2 Diabetes soared.

As my colleague Brown astutely observed:

A report published last fall found that government nutrition rules have been and are still based more on money and politics than sound science. The latest update to federal dietary guidelines still cautions against saturated fat and sodium. Members of the committee that developed these guidelines have accepted funding from industry groups, such as the Tree Nut Council, and food companies such as Unilever. ...

Funding good nutrition research is expensive, and we shouldn't automatically look at industry-funded studies or researchers who accept food-industry funding as suspect. But let's not pretend like this sugar scandal is simply a relic of the bad old days of non-disclosure and undue influence. There continues to be every bit as much reason to look skeptically at government dietary advice today as there was in the 20th Century..."

Lunch video-----Local Anchor exposes "Partnership for a New American Economy"

Noon-toon

Time to face reality, Obama — Trump is going to be president | New York Post

Time to face reality, Obama — Trump is going to be president | New York Post:

"So this is how it ends — in a whimper wrapped in self-pity and recriminations. With President Obama on the defensive at his final press conference and Hillary Clinton’s last campaign event resembling a wake, the Democratic Party is limping off the stage and into the political winter.

It was supposed to sit atop the national power pyramid for decades, a new paradigm of liberals, progressives, the young, the old, the unions and blacks, Latinos, Muslims and Asians.

The torch would be passed from Obama to Clinton, "

Italy lawmakers approve 20 billion euro plan to prop up banks

Italy lawmakers approve 20 billion euro plan to prop up banks | Reuters:
"Italy's parliament gave the green light on Wednesday for a 20 billion euro (16.80 billion pounds) plan to prop up the country's weaker banks, starting with a bailout as early as this week for the third largest, Monte dei Paschi di Siena (BMPS.MI).
...But its hopes of raising the money from private investors, via a debt-for-equity swap and a share placement that ends on Thursday, are fading.
A failure of Monte dei Paschi would rock Italy's banking system, the euro zone's fourth largest.
In the latest prospectus for the deal, the bank warned it could run out of liquidity in four months -- compared to a previous 11 months estimate published as recently as Sunday.
...If Monte dei Paschi's capital plan fails, Prime Minister Paolo Gentiloni's new government is likely to meet this week to issue an emergency decree to inject capital into it.
But that could prove to be politically explosive given that investors are required to bear losses under EU bailout rules.
Parliamentary approval for the 20 billion euro government plan was needed to allow the state to take on new debt.
Italy's debt burden, at about 133 percent of annual output (GDP), is already the second highest in the euro zone after Greece..."

How America's Cook Shortage Will Make Restaurants Pricier

How America's Cook Shortage Will Make Restaurants Pricier - Thrillist:
"Editor's Note: This story is the second in Kevin Alexander's alarmingly obsessive three-part investigation into the state and meaning of American food and drink in the year 2016.
You can read part one at link.
There is a crisis in the kitchen of America’s restaurants.
It is going to get worse before it gets... well, it may not actually get better.
For the past year, I’ve been traveling around the country eating and talking, and in every city I’ve been to, the chefs gripe about the same thing: It is impossible to find cooks anymore. 
You see it everywhere.
Almost every local paper has a story that kicks off with a lede featuring a chef begging anyone who can hold a pan and pick a paring knife out of a lineup to come work for him or her.
....this shortage has the potential to fundamentally change restaurants in America -- from the way we eat out and what we pay to eat out, to what we pay the people who cook what we eat out, and how they’re treated in the kitchens.
There is good and middling and bad that could come of this, I’ve found through dozens of conversations.

• The good: Restaurant workers, long worked and whipped like redheaded mules, may suddenly find themselves treated like actual human people with feelings and souls and college debt. 
• The middling: You might have to pay a little more for your burger to fund this humane treatment. 
• The bad: The whole industry might collapse in a huge column of bacon-infused smoke and all your date nights henceforth will center around when to take your Trader Joe’s wood-fired Naples-style uncured pepperoni pizza out of your parents’ oven.

...And yes, more of those people are coming out of culinary school, but that doesn’t mean they’re easy to get.
Just as many Generation X-ers went to law school with no real plan to practice law, culinary school grads are no longer locked into a restaurant kitchen role.
Corporate gigs at tech companies, airlines, upscale nursing homes and grocery markets, the Food Network, hotel and casino groups, and catering can all tempt them away with better hours, better treatment, and better money.
Even the National Restaurant Association’s 2016 Restaurant Industry Forecast ominously states that the “labor pool is getting shallower” and “recruitment and retention of employees will re-emerge as a top challenge.”
Now I’m not a licensed economist (yet), but I’m pretty sure when the number of jobs available in an industry go up, usually the pay and benefits in those arenas do as well, as more companies compete for fewer candidates.
But here’s one of the main reasons the restaurant industry makes about as much sense as the plot-line of a Harmony Korine movie: Restaurants don’t make any money. 
Pretty much ever.
Interesting.
Supply.... demand....
Read on!

This is the racist video you've heard about-----2017 New Years Resolutions for White Guys | MTV News

Obama warns Trump not to overuse executive orders - Breitbart

Obama warns Trump not to overuse executive orders - Breitbart:


"With about one month to go before he leaves office, President Barack Obama gave some exit interview-type advice to his successor Donald Trump: Don’t rely too heavily on executive orders.

In an interview with NPR’s Steve Inskeep on Thursday that aired in its entirety Monday on Morning Edition, Obama said it’s preferable to work with Congress."

Two Minimum Wage Charts for Andy Puzder

Two Minimum Wage Charts for Andy Puzder | Cato @ Liberty:
"Donald Trump has tabbed Andy Puzder to lead the Department of Labor. Puzder is the CEO of CKE, the restaurant outfit (read: Hardee’s and Carl’s Jr.). CKE, thanks to Puzder saving it from the bankruptcy hammer, employs 75,000 workers (read: jobs). 
Puzder knows that “high” minimum wages, such as the $15 per hour one thrown around by progressives, is a job killer for low-skill workers.

During his nomination hearings, Andy Puzder will no doubt be grilled about his views on “high” minimum wages. 
His inquisitors will trot out glowing claims about the wonders of a $15 per hour minimum wage, as did President Obama in his 2014 State of the Union address. 
As the President put it: “It’s good for the economy; it’s good for America.” 
Not so fast.

The glowing claims about minimum wage laws don’t pass the most basic economic smell tests. 
Just look at the data from Europe. 
The following two charts tell the tale and should be tucked into Andy Puzder’s briefing portfolio.

There are six European Union (E.U.) countries in which no minimum wage is mandated (Austria, Cyprus, Denmark, Finland, Italy, and Sweden). If we compare the levels of unemployment in these countries with E.U. countries that impose a minimum wage, the results are clear. 
A minimum wage leads to higher levels of unemployment. I
n the 21 countries with a minimum wage, the average country has an unemployment rate of 11.8%. 
Whereas, the average unemployment rate in the seven countries without mandated minimum wages is about one third lower — at 7.9%.

This point is even more pronounced when we look at rates of unemployment among the E.U.’s youth — defined as those younger than 25 years of age.

...As Nobelist Milton Friedman correctly quipped, “A minimum wage law is, in reality, a law that makes it illegal for an employer to hire a person with limited skills.”

AM Fruitcake

History for December 21

History for December 21 - On-This-Day.com:
Benjamin Disraeli 1804 - Author, statesman: "No government can be long secure without a formidable opposition.", Joseph Stalin (Dzhugashvili) 1879 - Georgian Marxist revolutionary and later dictator of USSR (1928-53), Phil Donahue 1935 - TV host ("The Phil Donahue Show"), known for pioneering the audience-participation style of TV talk shows.


Jane Fonda 1937 - Daughter of actor Henry Fonda and sister of actor Peter Fonda, Frank Zappa 1940 - Musician (The Mothers of Invention, Valley Girl (w/daughter Moon)), Kiefer Sutherland 1966 - Actor ("The Lost Boys," "Young Guns," "A Time to Kill"), son of actor Donald Sutherland


1620 - The "Mayflower", and its passengers, pilgrims from England, landed at Plymouth Rock, MA.


1898 - Scientists Pierre and Marie Curie discovered the radioactive element radium.


1913 - Arthur Wynne published a new "word-cross" puzzle in the "New York World" in England. The name was later changed to "crossword."


1937 - Walt Disney debuted the first, full-length, animated feature in Hollywood, CA. The movie was "Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs."


1945 - U.S. Gen. George S. Patton died in Heidelberg, Germany, of injuries from a car accident.


1968 - Apollo 8 was launched on a mission to orbit the moon. The craft landed safely in the Pacific Ocean on December 27.


1978 - Police in Des Plaines, IL, arrested John W. Gacy Jr. and began unearthing the remains of 33 men and boys that Gacy was later convicted of killing.


1988 - 270 people were killed when Pan Am Boeing 747 exploded over Lockerbie, Scotland, due to a terrorist attack.

Judge Orders Release of Search Warrant That Reopened Hillary Email Investigation - Cortney O'Brien

Judge Orders Release of Search Warrant That Reopened Hillary Email Investigation - Cortney O'Brien:

"A U.S. District Court judge wants to make public the search warrant that led to the controversial reopening of the FBI investigation into former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton’s emails just 11 days before the November election."

Only One Protester Shows Up At Wisconsin Electoral College Protest

It IS true-----On Gilbert's building costs claim: How do city's numbers compare?

On Gilbert's building costs claim: How do city's numbers compare? - Crain's Detroit Business:
"One of the arguments Dan Gilbert has used to push for a new tax incentive for sweeping developments is that it costs just as much to construct a new building in Detroit as it does in three of the biggest and priciest real estate markets in the country.
Whether that's actually true isn't entirely clear.
Gilbert's team says its calculation includes all components of new building — minus the cost of land — ranging from materials to permitting and insurance costs.
Yet data from a well-known construction cost estimator puts Detroit's per-square-foot rate for new office construction well below New York City, Chicago and San Francisco, and construction laborer wages in those markets — a key variable from city to city — are more than 10 percent higher.
"It costs the same to build a skyscraper or building in New York City, Chicago, as it does in Detroit," Gilbert said in an interview with Paul W. Smith on WJR-AM 760 last week.
"The rents have come up in Detroit, but they are nowhere near the double to triple, if not more, rents that happen in those other cities."
The second sentence in that statement is undeniably true.
The first claim is dubious."

Bill Clinton blames ‘angry white men’ for Hillary’s loss on Election Day – TheBlaze

Bill Clinton blames ‘angry white men’ for Hillary’s loss on Election Day – TheBlaze:

"But while Bill Clinton is blaming Comey and “angry white men,” Hillary Clinton has recently shifted the blame to Russia. The former secretary of state said Russian President Vladimir Putin attempted to “undermine our democracy” because of his “personal beef” with her.

With this latest report, Democrats have blamed just about everyone — except Hillary herself — for the stunning loss in November."

Dakota Pipeline Decision Is Obama’s Last ‘Screw You’ to Rural America

News - Dakota Pipeline Decision Is Obama’s Last ‘Screw You’ to Rural America | Heartland Institute:
"The Obama administration’s decision to deny an important easement needed to complete the Dakota Access Pipeline (DAPL) represents one last single-finger salute to Middle America from the outgoing president.
Rural Americans face tough challenges, and by killing the Keystone XL and Dakota Access Pipelines and by imposing several costly regulations on energy development, President Barack Obama has only served to make these challenges worse.
People living in rural areas face high levels of poverty.
...According to data provided by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the average annual earnings for oil and gas jobs are about $67,400, a figure that is much higher than the average earnings received by workers in rural areas.
This means every family-supporting job killed by unnecessary regulations or government mandates, such as Obama’s proposed methane regulations and the politically motivated pipeline rejections/delays, has hurt workers substantially more in rural areas, where there aren’t as many good-paying blue-collar jobs, than they might in suburban or urban parts of the United States.
 Even worse, without the 4.3 million jobs generated over the past several years by the hydraulic fracturing industry, which has largely been opposed by the Obama administration, only five million jobs would have been created since Obama took office in 2009. 
Without hydraulic fracturing, Obama’s paltry job creation numbers would have been the worst of any two-term president in recent history..."

Fun!-----Woman Snaps At Wisconsin Electors: "You Don't Deserve To Be In America!" "This Is Not America!"

Woman Snaps At Wisconsin Electors: "You Don't Deserve To Be In America!" "This Is Not America!" | Video | RealClearPolitics:
"A woman lost control Monday afternoon when members of Wisconsin's electoral college delegation met to certify the results for Donald Trump. 
“You sold out our country,” the woman screamed at the electors, standing up. “Everyone of you, you’re pathetic. You don’t deserve to be in America.”
The crowd responded by chanting: "Shame, shame, shame."
"This is my America," the woman yelled.
MoveOn.org Executive Director Anna Galland said Monday evening that protests like this one were "a marker for what's to come."

Alternate angle from Wisconsin:

Lunch video-----Denzel Washington Destroyed the Liberal Media over "Fake News"

Noon-toon

Caddell: ‘Fake News’ Issue Part of Media Outrage That the ‘Peasants’ Revolted

Caddell: ‘Fake News’ Issue Part of Media Outrage That the ‘Peasants’ Revolted:


"“The elite of this country has nothing but contempt and no respect for the American people who built this country,” political pollster and analyst Pat Caddell told Breitbart News Daily SiriusXM host Alex Marlow on Friday."

The decimation of the Democratic Party, visualized

The decimation of the Democratic Party, visualized - The Washington Post:
"...It can be hard to see the extent to which the Democratic collapse has occurred. 
...That whistling sound you hear is the party Thelma-and-Louiseing.
Two days after its candidate for the presidency suffered a stunning loss, the tension within the party became uncontainable. 
The Huffington Post reports that at a party meeting on Thursday, a staffer named Zach yelled at Donna Brazile, who took over as chair following the resignation of Debbie Wasserman Schultz this summer.
"Why should we trust you as chair to lead us through this?" he said, according to HuffPo's Jennifer Bendery. 
He went on to accuse Brazile of having "backed a flawed candidate," Hillary Clinton, and having "plotted through this to support your own gain and yourself."
"You are part of the problem," Zach reportedly said.
We tend to focus on the loss of the presidency as the example of Democratic failure. 
That's blinkered. 
Since 2008, by our estimates, the party has shed 870 legislators and leaders at the state and federal levels -- and that estimate may be on the low side. 
As Donald Trump might put it, that's decimation times 50.
No wonder Zach got mad..."

The Associated Press Admits Defeat

The Associated Press Admits Defeat | Power Line:
"The Associated Press did all it could to elect Hillary Clinton, but today it (almost) gave up the ghost. 
The “news” service headlined: “Trump cruises to Electoral College victory despite protests.”

“Despite protests”? 
What does that mean? 
Are we supposed to take seriously the idea that a handful of slackers waving signs at state capitols around the country could somehow reverse Donald Trump’s victory?

Trump’s polarizing victory Nov. 8 and the fact Democrat Hillary Clinton had won the national popular vote had stirred an intense lobbying effort, but to no avail.

Why was Trump’s victory “polarizing”? Would it be any less polarizing if Hillary Clinton had won? No.

...Despite everything, the AP hasn’t quite given up hope:

A joint session of Congress is scheduled for Jan. 6 to certify the results of the Electoral College vote, with Vice President Joe Biden presiding as president of the Senate. Once the result is certified, the winner — almost certainly Trump — will be sworn in on Jan. 20.

“Almost certainly Trump”? 

I have no idea what loophole the AP has in mind. Trump won the election, and it is 100% certain that he will be certified as the winner, however much that may dismay America’s reporters and editors."

‘Fake’ News and the Victorian Gentleman

‘Fake’ News and the Victorian Gentleman | commentary
"...Because it is difficult for liberals to understand that people might oppose them on substantive as well as moral grounds, their analyses of the election results were as flawed as their takes on the horse race. 
Many liberal commentators simply ascribed Trump’s victory to the supposed racism, misogyny, and authoritarianism of his supporters, reducing varied and complex motivations to base, irrational, and impermissible drives.

...Such was the genesis of the controversy over “fake news.”
“News websites designed to trick and mislead people seem to pop up every single day,” wrote Brian Stelter of CNN.
...And yet the argument over fake news is about more than due diligence.
...In November, for example, an explosive Washington Post story claimed, “The flood of ‘fake news’ this election season got support from a sophisticated Russian propaganda campaign that created and spread misleading articles online with the goal of punishing Democrat Hillary Clinton, helping Republican Donald Trump and undermining faith in American democracy,” according to “independent researchers who tracked the operation.” 
The Post quoted an anonymous source: “It was like Russia was running a super PAC for Trump’s campaign.”
...Also on the list were heavily trafficked populist websites such as Infowars and the Drudge Report.
...Long ago the press changed its job description and went from telling readers what had happened to telling them what to think.
...Why the obsession with fake news?

• Readers with long memories will note that the mainstream media did not use this term to describe the work of Janet Cooke, 
• Stephen Glass, and 
• Jayson Blair, or 
• the reporters who vilified and maligned the Duke Lacrosse Team, or 
• the disgusting fabrications Rolling Stone told about fraternity life at the University of Virginia, 
• or the myths parroted on CNN that Michael Brown shouted “hands up, don’t shoot” before he was killed in Ferguson. 
• Nor was fake news a problem in 2012 when a man named Floyd Corkins said he shot an employee of the conservative Family Research Council in the arm because the Southern Poverty Legal Center had accused it of being a hate group. 

And yet four years later, when an armed man showed up at a D.C. pizzeria after reading online that it might be connected to human trafficking, the mainstream media’s quest to anathematize fake news intensified...
What makes the controversy salient is the uncertain social position of the mainstream media.
The press, Tom Wolfe wrote, is a Victorian Gentleman, the arbiter of manners and fashion, the judge of right conduct and good breeding.
But the fragmentation of the media landscape, the decentralization of the Internet and social media, and the rise of Donald Trump have set this Victorian Gentleman back on his heels.
Long ago he changed his job description and went from telling his readers what had happened to telling them what to think.
And the fact that so many people now have the means to disagree with him, to challenge him, to speak unmediated and uncensored, is profoundly disturbing to his sense of authority and self-worth..."
Read the whole article!

Hillary's Popular Vote Win Came ENTIRELY From California | The Federalist Papers

Hillary's Popular Vote Win Came ENTIRELY From California | The Federalist Papers:

"The purpose of the Electoral College is to prevent regional candidates from dominating national elections.

California is now a one-party state. There were zero Republicans running for statewide office and no GOP candidates in nine of California’s congressional districts. At the state level, Investor’s Business Daily reports, six districts had no Republicans for the state senate and 16 districts had no Republicans for the state assembly."

Out of Karakter - an Electoral College primer for the masses

Out of Karakter - an Electoral College primer for the masses:

"Now that everybody has discovered that we have an Electoral College and that the cat's out of the bag, so to speak, let's take a quick look at why we have what on the surface appears to be a quirky method of choosing our executive head.
We all remember the Great Compromise, right? 

That was when at the Constitutional Convention of 1787 two plans of representation were proposed, each with a legitimate argument in favor of it. 

Virginia, the most populous state, naturally thought a legislature in which states were represented by population was fair. 

After all, why should the clear majority of the people be effectively thwarted by a small state? 

The New Jersey delegates, needless to say, saw it differently. 

Each state should be represented equally. 

After all, why should a small state be rendered irrelevant by a domineering large state?
So, what to do? 

A Connecticut delegate, Roger Sherman, seeing the justice of both positions, proposed that both could be done. 

He wasn't the first to conceive of the idea, but he did manage to persuade the Constitutional Convention to buy into the idea. 

Thus was born a bicameral (two house) legislature in which there would be a House of Representatives in which states would be represented by population, and a Senate in which states would be represented equally. 

For a bill to become law requires the approval of both houses..."

Interesting!

Read on!

AM Fruitcake